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[C#] [매크로] Low Level 키보드 입력 (Simulation) 본문
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[DllImport("user32.dll")]
static extern void keybd_event(byte bVk, byte bScan, uint dwFlags,
UIntPtr dwExtraInfo);C#에는 키보드 입력을 할 수 있는 함수들이 존재합니다.
오늘 소개할 keybd_event라는 함수는 user32.dll 에 내장된 함수로, low level의 키보드 인풋을 제공합니다.
keybd_event에는 4가지 Arguments는 다음과 같습니다.
// 가상 키 코드입니다.
// https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/inputdev/virtual-key-codes
byte bVk
// 키의 하드웨어 스캔 키입니다.
// https://stackoverflow.com/questions/15062577/what-is-the-meaning-of-the-bscan-parameter-value-0x45-in-keybd-event
byte bScan
// 해당 키를 제어하기 위한 인자입니다.
// 0x1 : Key Down
// 0x2 : Key Up
uint dwFlags
// 추가 정보를 보내는 인자로 UIntPtr.Zero 값을 주로 사용합니다.
UIntPtr dwExtraInfo키 코드를 원하시면 하단의 더보기를 클릭하세요.
더보기
/// <summary>
/// Specifies key codes and modifiers.
/// </summary>
[ComVisible(true)]
[Flags]
[TypeConverter(typeof(KeyConverter))]
public enum Keys
{
/// <summary>
/// The bitmask to extract modifiers from a key value.
/// </summary>
Modifiers = -65536,
/// <summary>
/// No key pressed.
/// </summary>
None = 0,
/// <summary>
/// The left mouse button.
/// </summary>
LButton = 1,
//
// Summary:
// The right mouse button.
RButton = 2,
//
// Summary:
// The CANCEL key.
Cancel = 3,
//
// Summary:
// The middle mouse button (three-button mouse).
MButton = 4,
//
// Summary:
// The first x mouse button (five-button mouse).
XButton1 = 5,
//
// Summary:
// The second x mouse button (five-button mouse).
XButton2 = 6,
//
// Summary:
// The BACKSPACE key.
Back = 8,
//
// Summary:
// The TAB key.
Tab = 9,
//
// Summary:
// The LINEFEED key.
LineFeed = 10,
//
// Summary:
// The CLEAR key.
Clear = 12,
//
// Summary:
// The ENTER key.
Enter = 13,
//
// Summary:
// The RETURN key.
Return = 13,
//
// Summary:
// The SHIFT key.
ShiftKey = 16,
//
// Summary:
// The CTRL key.
ControlKey = 17,
//
// Summary:
// The ALT key.
Menu = 18,
//
// Summary:
// The PAUSE key.
Pause = 19,
//
// Summary:
// The CAPS LOCK key.
CapsLock = 20,
//
// Summary:
// The CAPS LOCK key.
Capital = 20,
//
// Summary:
// The IME Kana mode key.
KanaMode = 21,
//
// Summary:
// The IME Hanguel mode key. (maintained for compatibility; use HangulMode)
HanguelMode = 21,
//
// Summary:
// The IME Hangul mode key.
HangulMode = 21,
//
// Summary:
// The IME Junja mode key.
JunjaMode = 23,
//
// Summary:
// The IME final mode key.
FinalMode = 24,
//
// Summary:
// The IME Kanji mode key.
KanjiMode = 25,
//
// Summary:
// The IME Hanja mode key.
HanjaMode = 25,
//
// Summary:
// The ESC key.
Escape = 27,
//
// Summary:
// The IME convert key.
IMEConvert = 28,
//
// Summary:
// The IME nonconvert key.
IMENonconvert = 29,
//
// Summary:
// The IME accept key. Obsolete, use System.Windows.Forms.Keys.IMEAccept instead.
IMEAceept = 30,
//
// Summary:
// The IME accept key, replaces System.Windows.Forms.Keys.IMEAceept.
IMEAccept = 30,
//
// Summary:
// The IME mode change key.
IMEModeChange = 31,
//
// Summary:
// The SPACEBAR key.
Space = 32,
//
// Summary:
// The PAGE UP key.
Prior = 33,
//
// Summary:
// The PAGE UP key.
PageUp = 33,
//
// Summary:
// The PAGE DOWN key.
Next = 34,
//
// Summary:
// The PAGE DOWN key.
PageDown = 34,
//
// Summary:
// The END key.
End = 35,
//
// Summary:
// The HOME key.
Home = 36,
//
// Summary:
// The LEFT ARROW key.
Left = 37,
//
// Summary:
// The UP ARROW key.
Up = 38,
//
// Summary:
// The RIGHT ARROW key.
Right = 39,
//
// Summary:
// The DOWN ARROW key.
Down = 40,
//
// Summary:
// The SELECT key.
Select = 41,
//
// Summary:
// The PRINT key.
Print = 42,
//
// Summary:
// The EXECUTE key.
Execute = 43,
//
// Summary:
// The PRINT SCREEN key.
PrintScreen = 44,
//
// Summary:
// The PRINT SCREEN key.
Snapshot = 44,
//
// Summary:
// The INS key.
Insert = 45,
//
// Summary:
// The DEL key.
Delete = 46,
//
// Summary:
// The HELP key.
Help = 47,
//
// Summary:
// The 0 key.
D0 = 48,
//
// Summary:
// The 1 key.
D1 = 49,
//
// Summary:
// The 2 key.
D2 = 50,
//
// Summary:
// The 3 key.
D3 = 51,
//
// Summary:
// The 4 key.
D4 = 52,
//
// Summary:
// The 5 key.
D5 = 53,
//
// Summary:
// The 6 key.
D6 = 54,
//
// Summary:
// The 7 key.
D7 = 55,
//
// Summary:
// The 8 key.
D8 = 56,
//
// Summary:
// The 9 key.
D9 = 57,
//
// Summary:
// The A key.
A = 65,
//
// Summary:
// The B key.
B = 66,
//
// Summary:
// The C key.
C = 67,
//
// Summary:
// The D key.
D = 68,
//
// Summary:
// The E key.
E = 69,
//
// Summary:
// The F key.
F = 70,
//
// Summary:
// The G key.
G = 71,
//
// Summary:
// The H key.
H = 72,
//
// Summary:
// The I key.
I = 73,
//
// Summary:
// The J key.
J = 74,
//
// Summary:
// The K key.
K = 75,
//
// Summary:
// The L key.
L = 76,
//
// Summary:
// The M key.
M = 77,
//
// Summary:
// The N key.
N = 78,
//
// Summary:
// The O key.
O = 79,
//
// Summary:
// The P key.
P = 80,
//
// Summary:
// The Q key.
Q = 81,
//
// Summary:
// The R key.
R = 82,
//
// Summary:
// The S key.
S = 83,
//
// Summary:
// The T key.
T = 84,
//
// Summary:
// The U key.
U = 85,
//
// Summary:
// The V key.
V = 86,
//
// Summary:
// The W key.
W = 87,
//
// Summary:
// The X key.
X = 88,
//
// Summary:
// The Y key.
Y = 89,
//
// Summary:
// The Z key.
Z = 90,
//
// Summary:
// The left Windows logo key (Microsoft Natural Keyboard).
LWin = 91,
//
// Summary:
// The right Windows logo key (Microsoft Natural Keyboard).
RWin = 92,
//
// Summary:
// The application key (Microsoft Natural Keyboard).
Apps = 93,
//
// Summary:
// The computer sleep key.
Sleep = 95,
//
// Summary:
// The 0 key on the numeric keypad.
NumPad0 = 96,
//
// Summary:
// The 1 key on the numeric keypad.
NumPad1 = 97,
//
// Summary:
// The 2 key on the numeric keypad.
NumPad2 = 98,
//
// Summary:
// The 3 key on the numeric keypad.
NumPad3 = 99,
//
// Summary:
// The 4 key on the numeric keypad.
NumPad4 = 100,
//
// Summary:
// The 5 key on the numeric keypad.
NumPad5 = 101,
//
// Summary:
// The 6 key on the numeric keypad.
NumPad6 = 102,
//
// Summary:
// The 7 key on the numeric keypad.
NumPad7 = 103,
//
// Summary:
// The 8 key on the numeric keypad.
NumPad8 = 104,
//
// Summary:
// The 9 key on the numeric keypad.
NumPad9 = 105,
//
// Summary:
// The multiply key.
Multiply = 106,
//
// Summary:
// The add key.
Add = 107,
//
// Summary:
// The separator key.
Separator = 108,
//
// Summary:
// The subtract key.
Subtract = 109,
//
// Summary:
// The decimal key.
Decimal = 110,
//
// Summary:
// The divide key.
Divide = 111,
//
// Summary:
// The F1 key.
F1 = 112,
//
// Summary:
// The F2 key.
F2 = 113,
//
// Summary:
// The F3 key.
F3 = 114,
//
// Summary:
// The F4 key.
F4 = 115,
//
// Summary:
// The F5 key.
F5 = 116,
//
// Summary:
// The F6 key.
F6 = 117,
//
// Summary:
// The F7 key.
F7 = 118,
//
// Summary:
// The F8 key.
F8 = 119,
//
// Summary:
// The F9 key.
F9 = 120,
//
// Summary:
// The F10 key.
F10 = 121,
//
// Summary:
// The F11 key.
F11 = 122,
//
// Summary:
// The F12 key.
F12 = 123,
//
// Summary:
// The F13 key.
F13 = 124,
//
// Summary:
// The F14 key.
F14 = 125,
//
// Summary:
// The F15 key.
F15 = 126,
//
// Summary:
// The F16 key.
F16 = 127,
//
// Summary:
// The F17 key.
F17 = 128,
//
// Summary:
// The F18 key.
F18 = 129,
//
// Summary:
// The F19 key.
F19 = 130,
//
// Summary:
// The F20 key.
F20 = 131,
//
// Summary:
// The F21 key.
F21 = 132,
//
// Summary:
// The F22 key.
F22 = 133,
//
// Summary:
// The F23 key.
F23 = 134,
//
// Summary:
// The F24 key.
F24 = 135,
//
// Summary:
// The NUM LOCK key.
NumLock = 144,
//
// Summary:
// The SCROLL LOCK key.
Scroll = 145,
//
// Summary:
// The left SHIFT key.
LShiftKey = 160,
//
// Summary:
// The right SHIFT key.
RShiftKey = 161,
//
// Summary:
// The left CTRL key.
LControlKey = 162,
//
// Summary:
// The right CTRL key.
RControlKey = 163,
//
// Summary:
// The left ALT key.
LMenu = 164,
//
// Summary:
// The right ALT key.
RMenu = 165,
//
// Summary:
// The browser back key (Windows 2000 or later).
BrowserBack = 166,
//
// Summary:
// The browser forward key (Windows 2000 or later).
BrowserForward = 167,
//
// Summary:
// The browser refresh key (Windows 2000 or later).
BrowserRefresh = 168,
//
// Summary:
// The browser stop key (Windows 2000 or later).
BrowserStop = 169,
//
// Summary:
// The browser search key (Windows 2000 or later).
BrowserSearch = 170,
//
// Summary:
// The browser favorites key (Windows 2000 or later).
BrowserFavorites = 171,
//
// Summary:
// The browser home key (Windows 2000 or later).
BrowserHome = 172,
//
// Summary:
// The volume mute key (Windows 2000 or later).
VolumeMute = 173,
//
// Summary:
// The volume down key (Windows 2000 or later).
VolumeDown = 174,
//
// Summary:
// The volume up key (Windows 2000 or later).
VolumeUp = 175,
//
// Summary:
// The media next track key (Windows 2000 or later).
MediaNextTrack = 176,
//
// Summary:
// The media previous track key (Windows 2000 or later).
MediaPreviousTrack = 177,
//
// Summary:
// The media Stop key (Windows 2000 or later).
MediaStop = 178,
//
// Summary:
// The media play pause key (Windows 2000 or later).
MediaPlayPause = 179,
//
// Summary:
// The launch mail key (Windows 2000 or later).
LaunchMail = 180,
//
// Summary:
// The select media key (Windows 2000 or later).
SelectMedia = 181,
/// <summary>
/// The start application one key (Windows 2000 or later).
/// </summary>
LaunchApplication1 = 182,
/// <summary>
/// The start application two key (Windows 2000 or later).
/// </summary>
LaunchApplication2 = 183,
/// <summary>
/// The OEM 1 key.
/// </summary>
Oem1 = 186,
/// <summary>
/// The OEM Semicolon key on a US standard keyboard (Windows 2000 or later).
/// </summary>
OemSemicolon = 186,
/// <summary>
/// The OEM plus key on any country/region keyboard (Windows 2000 or later).
/// </summary>
Oemplus = 187,
/// <summary>
/// The OEM comma key on any country/region keyboard (Windows 2000 or later).
/// </summary>
Oemcomma = 188,
/// <summary>
/// The OEM minus key on any country/region keyboard (Windows 2000 or later).
/// </summary>
OemMinus = 189,
/// <summary>
/// The OEM period key on any country/region keyboard (Windows 2000 or later).
/// </summary>
OemPeriod = 190,
/// <summary>
/// The OEM question mark key on a US standard keyboard (Windows 2000 or later).
/// </summary>
OemQuestion = 191,
/// <summary>
/// The OEM 2 key.
/// </summary>
Oem2 = 191,
/// <summary>
/// The OEM tilde key on a US standard keyboard (Windows 2000 or later).
/// </summary>
Oemtilde = 192,
/// <summary>
/// The OEM 3 key.
/// </summary>
Oem3 = 192,
/// <summary>
/// The OEM 4 key.
/// </summary>
Oem4 = 219,
/// <summary>
/// The OEM open bracket key on a US standard keyboard (Windows 2000 or later).
/// </summary>
OemOpenBrackets = 219,
/// <summary>
/// The OEM pipe key on a US standard keyboard (Windows 2000 or later).
/// </summary>
OemPipe = 220,
/// <summary>
/// The OEM 5 key.
/// </summary>
Oem5 = 220,
/// <summary>
/// The OEM 6 key.
/// </summary>
Oem6 = 221,
/// <summary>
/// The OEM close bracket key on a US standard keyboard (Windows 2000 or later).
/// </summary>
OemCloseBrackets = 221,
/// <summary>
/// The OEM 7 key.
/// </summary>
Oem7 = 222,
/// <summary>
/// The OEM singled/double quote key on a US standard keyboard (Windows 2000
// or later).
/// </summary>
OemQuotes = 222,
/// <summary>
/// The OEM 8 key.
/// </summary>
Oem8 = 223,
/// <summary>
/// The OEM 102 key.
/// </summary>
Oem102 = 226,
/// <summary>
/// The OEM angle bracket or backslash key on the RT 102 key keyboard (Windows
// 2000 or later).
/// </summary>
OemBackslash = 226,
/// <summary>
/// The PROCESS KEY key.
/// </summary>
ProcessKey = 229,
/// <summary>
/// Used to pass Unicode characters as if they were keystrokes. The Packet key
/// value is the low word of a 32-bit virtual-key value used for non-keyboard
/// input methods.
/// </summary>
Packet = 231,
/// <summary>
/// The ATTN key.
/// </summary>
Attn = 246,
/// <summary>
/// The CRSEL key.
/// </summary>
Crsel = 247,
/// <summary>
/// The EXSEL key.
/// </summary>
Exsel = 248,
/// <summary>
/// The ERASE EOF key.
/// </summary>
EraseEof = 249,
/// <summary>
/// The PLAY key.
/// </summary>
Play = 250,
/// <summary>
/// The ZOOM key.
/// </summary>
Zoom = 251,
/// <summary>
/// A constant reserved for future use.
/// </summary>
NoName = 252,
/// <summary>
/// The PA1 key.
/// </summary>
Pa1 = 253,
/// <summary>
/// The CLEAR key.
/// </summary>
OemClear = 254,
/// <summary>
/// The bitmask to extract a key code from a key value.
/// </summary>
KeyCode = 65535,
/// <summary>
/// The SHIFT modifier key.
/// </summary>
Shift = 65536,
/// <summary>
/// The CTRL modifier key.
/// </summary>
Control = 131072,
/// <summary>
/// The ALT modifier key.
/// </summary>
Alt = 262144,
}
사용법은 간단합니다.
아래의 코드는 Alt + Tab 을 누르는 예제입니다.
[DllImport("user32.dll")]
static extern void keybd_event(byte bVk, byte bScan, uint dwFlags, UIntPtr dwExtraInfo);
private readonly uint KEYDOWN = 0x1;
private readonly uint KEYUP = 0x2;
private void ShowDesktop() {
keybd_event(byte.Parse(((int)Keys.LWin).ToString()), 0x45, KEY_DOWN, UIntPtr.Zero);
keybd_event(byte.Parse(((int)Keys.D).ToString()), 0x45, KEY_DOWN, UIntPtr.Zero);
Thread.Sleep(100);
keybd_event(byte.Parse(((int)Keys.LWin).ToString()), 0x45, KEY_UP, UIntPtr.Zero);
keybd_event(byte.Parse(((int)Keys.D).ToString()), 0x45, KEY_UP, UIntPtr.Zero);
}
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